在壓濾機(jī)設(shè)備的運(yùn)行過(guò)程中,濾板是直接參與過(guò)濾作業(yè)的重要部件,其性能好壞直接影響過(guò)濾效率和生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定性。蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板作為壓濾機(jī)核心配件之一,憑借穩(wěn)定的質(zhì)量和良好的適用性,被廣泛應(yīng)用于環(huán)保、化工、礦山等多個(gè)行業(yè),成為眾多用戶在濾板選型時(shí)的重要參考。
一、蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板的產(chǎn)品概述
蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板主要用于各類壓濾機(jī)設(shè)備的固液分離過(guò)程,通過(guò)合理的溝槽結(jié)構(gòu)和密封設(shè)計(jì),使濾液順利排出,形成含水率較低的濾餅。濾板在壓濾機(jī)工作中長(zhǎng)期承受較高壓力,因此對(duì)材質(zhì)強(qiáng)度和成型工藝要求較高。
蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板在設(shè)計(jì)階段充分考慮設(shè)備運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性,確保濾板在反復(fù)壓緊和卸料過(guò)程中不易變形、不易破損。
二、濾板材質(zhì)與結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)勢(shì)
目前,蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板多采用高強(qiáng)度聚丙烯材料一次模壓成型,具有良好的耐壓性能和耐腐蝕性能,能夠適應(yīng)酸堿性物料的過(guò)濾需求。濾板表面溝槽分布科學(xué),有利于濾液快速排出,減少過(guò)濾阻力,提高整體過(guò)濾效率。
在密封結(jié)構(gòu)方面,蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板密封邊設(shè)計(jì)合理,配合壓濾機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng),可有效防止跑料、漏料現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生,保障現(xiàn)場(chǎng)生產(chǎn)環(huán)境整潔。
三、蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板規(guī)格齊全
為了滿足不同行業(yè)用戶的使用需求,蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板規(guī)格配置靈活,可適配多種型號(hào)壓濾機(jī)設(shè)備。常見(jiàn)濾板尺寸、過(guò)濾面積及進(jìn)料方式均可根據(jù)實(shí)際工況進(jìn)行選擇。
對(duì)于處理量大、工況特殊的項(xiàng)目,蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板支持定制生產(chǎn),可根據(jù)客戶物料特性,對(duì)濾板厚度、進(jìn)料孔結(jié)構(gòu)以及濾布安裝方式進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),提升整體使用效果。
四、蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域
蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板廣泛應(yīng)用于污水處理廠污泥脫水、化工行業(yè)原料過(guò)濾、礦山選礦脫水以及食品加工等領(lǐng)域。在環(huán)保行業(yè)中,濾板有助于降低污泥含水率;在化工行業(yè)中,可滿足對(duì)耐腐蝕性能的要求;在礦山行業(yè)中,濾板結(jié)構(gòu)堅(jiān)固,適用于高壓工況。
五、嚴(yán)格的質(zhì)量控制與穩(wěn)定性保障
蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中實(shí)行嚴(yán)格的質(zhì)量控制體系,從原材料采購(gòu)、模具加工到成品檢測(cè),每一道工序都進(jìn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理。濾板出廠前需經(jīng)過(guò)耐壓測(cè)試、密封測(cè)試和外觀檢查,確保產(chǎn)品在實(shí)際使用中的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性。
六、選擇蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板的優(yōu)勢(shì)
選擇蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板,不僅能夠保障壓濾機(jī)正常運(yùn)行,還能有效延長(zhǎng)設(shè)備整體使用壽命,降低后期維護(hù)成本。穩(wěn)定的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、完善的技術(shù)支持和良好的適配性,使其在市場(chǎng)中具有較高的認(rèn)可度。
concluding remarks
綜上所述,蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板憑借合理的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、可靠的材質(zhì)選擇以及廣泛的行業(yè)應(yīng)用,成為壓濾機(jī)濾板市場(chǎng)中的重要產(chǎn)品。無(wú)論是新設(shè)備配套還是舊設(shè)備濾板更換,蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾板都能夠?yàn)橛脩籼峁┓€(wěn)定、高效的過(guò)濾支持。
蘇東壓濾機(jī)濾布銷售電話:18851718517
]]>If the filtered material is more concentrated, it takes longer to press the filter to ensure the filtering effect. At the same time, if the filtered material is more difficult to filter, it also needs longer time to press the filter. However, if the concentration of the filtered material is lower, the filter press time can be shortened appropriately to save time.
此外,自動(dòng)板框壓濾機(jī)比手動(dòng)板框壓濾機(jī)更快,因?yàn)樽詣?dòng)板框壓濾機(jī)可以自動(dòng)完成過(guò)濾、卸料等過(guò)程,而手動(dòng)板框壓濾機(jī)需要手動(dòng)完成這些過(guò)程。
It should be noted that in the process of filter press, it is necessary to pay close attention to the operating status and filtration effect of the equipment, and make adjustments and repairs according to the actual situation. At the same time, pay attention to safety in the operation process to avoid accidents.
]]>1.1工作原理壓濾機(jī)主要由傳動(dòng)部分、濾板部分、壓緊板部分、止推板部分、壓緊裝置(主要是液壓壓緊裝置)、液壓系統(tǒng)、電控系統(tǒng)及輔助部分組成。濾布裝在濾板兩面,在壓緊裝置作用下,濾板被壓緊在壓緊板和止推板l司.’每?jī)蓧K濾板之間形成一個(gè)封閉的濾室,當(dāng)入料泵將物料打人濾室后,在入料壓力下,液相物通過(guò)濾布從濾液孔分離出來(lái),固相物料留在濾室內(nèi)逐漸形成濾餅,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)物料固液兩分離,入料泵停止給料后,松開(kāi)壓緊板,卸掉濾餅,至此完成一個(gè)工作循環(huán)。
1.2XMZ型壓濾機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)該型壓濾機(jī)與傳統(tǒng)壓濾機(jī)相比,具有較大的先進(jìn)性:
(1)主梁結(jié)構(gòu)采用雙廂式梁結(jié)構(gòu),該結(jié)構(gòu)與傳統(tǒng)壓濾機(jī)(廂式梁式或板式梁)相比,抗彎、抗拉、抗扭強(qiáng)度高,重量輕,增強(qiáng)了主梁綜合性能。(2)濾板壓緊采用雙拖式柱塞缸液壓系統(tǒng),使濾板壓緊時(shí)間降低一倍以上,大大提高了壓濾機(jī)的工作效率,傳統(tǒng)式壓濾機(jī)功率為5.5kw,本壓濾機(jī)功率為4kw,節(jié)能效果明顯,液壓馬達(dá)采用先進(jìn)的擺線馬達(dá),該馬達(dá)具有重量輕、體積小、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)可靠等特點(diǎn)。
(3)本壓濾機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)采用PLC可編程控制器控制,同時(shí),可根據(jù)要求配置文本顯示器,控制器和文本顯示器通過(guò)RS485進(jìn)行通訊,通過(guò)文本顯示器顯示運(yùn)行狀態(tài)、故障報(bào)警、工序時(shí)間、循環(huán)次數(shù)、壓力等多種數(shù)據(jù),并且可以通過(guò)文本顯示器隨時(shí)設(shè)定油缸上下限,因此,可以直觀的、及時(shí)的掌握壓濾機(jī)的運(yùn)行情況。2壓濾機(jī)的維護(hù)與保養(yǎng)(1)經(jīng)常保持液壓系統(tǒng)整潔,嚴(yán)防雜物浸入而造成故障。
(2)壓濾過(guò)程中濾布要保持平整,不允許有褶皺,可視情況對(duì)濾布進(jìn)行清洗。(3)經(jīng)常檢查濾布,如有破漏,要及時(shí)更換、縫補(bǔ)。縫補(bǔ)濾布時(shí),應(yīng)將破漏處剪掉,然后縫補(bǔ),以防止在密封面重疊,增加濾布厚度。
(4)定期向軸承注入潤(rùn)滑脂,向傳動(dòng)鏈條及軌道淋油,并清除污物。(5)定期給液壓系統(tǒng)補(bǔ)油、換油,并清洗濾油器,以保證液壓系統(tǒng)正常工作。(6)液壓系統(tǒng)油溫低于10°C時(shí),可用加熱器提高油溫。
3壓濾機(jī)工作常見(jiàn)故障及原因分析、解決方法
3.1常見(jiàn)故障
(1)液壓系統(tǒng)故障。
(2)電氣系統(tǒng)故障。
(3)其他故障。
3.2故障分析
3.2.1液壓系統(tǒng)故障分析
(1)液壓系統(tǒng)流量不足的原因及處理辦法。
①油泵不排油,檢修油泵。
②順序閥調(diào)定壓力過(guò)低或閥芯在開(kāi)口位置被卡住,檢修順序閥。
③濾油器堵塞,清洗濾油器。
④油箱油面太低,油泵吸空,應(yīng)補(bǔ)油。
⑤液壓油粘度太大,吸油困難,應(yīng)換油或提高油溫。
⑥泵內(nèi)零件磨損嚴(yán)重,內(nèi)泄大,壓力流量達(dá)不到額定值,檢修或更換油泵。
(2)系統(tǒng)壓力不足的原因及處理辦法。
①油泵故障,檢修油泵。
②溢流閥故障,調(diào)整或檢修溢流閥。
③有泄漏處應(yīng)修好。
(3)開(kāi)始松開(kāi)濾板時(shí),油缸油管發(fā)生沖擊振動(dòng),其原因是單向節(jié)流閥節(jié)流口過(guò)大,應(yīng)關(guān)小單向節(jié)流閥節(jié)流口。
(4)壓緊板返回后,但不能直接轉(zhuǎn)換為拉板,除電氣故障外,主要是由于油缸內(nèi)空氣未排凈,頭板前移,回程接近開(kāi)關(guān)處于斷開(kāi)狀態(tài),處理方法是:擰松放氣螺塞,使油缸活塞往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng),排盡空氣。
(5)拉板故障:首先是拉板壓力不正確,調(diào)整拉板壓力一般在3—4MPa,其次是拉板速度過(guò)快或過(guò)慢,對(duì)濾板沖擊過(guò)大或拉不動(dòng)濾板,此時(shí)應(yīng)調(diào)整調(diào)速閥,拉一塊濾板的時(shí)間大約為7—10秒。

3.2.2電氣故障分析發(fā)生電氣故障的原因是:導(dǎo)線松脫,接線錯(cuò)了,元件動(dòng)作不靈敏或損壞,螺栓松脫,零件碰壞或松動(dòng),電路或油路不對(duì)應(yīng),壓力繼電器調(diào)的不合適,可調(diào)整的元件未調(diào)整,導(dǎo)致內(nèi)部斷線等。電氣故障的處理,要求電氣人員不僅要熟悉電氣原理圖、電氣元件的性能、還要了解液壓原理圖、壓濾機(jī)的控制及動(dòng)力傳遞關(guān)系,同時(shí),要了解壓濾機(jī)的工作狀態(tài)及工作過(guò)程。根據(jù)故障發(fā)生的時(shí)間,在哪一個(gè)工作過(guò)程中,在哪一個(gè)動(dòng)作時(shí)發(fā)生的,判斷故障所在的區(qū)域。對(duì)于有些容易發(fā)生的故障,要先去檢查,可以加快排除故障的速度,如導(dǎo)線松脫、壓力繼電器調(diào)的不合適或損壞等。
3.2.3其他故障及分析
(1)噴漿產(chǎn)生的原因及處理方法。
①濾板邊框密封面夾人料餅,應(yīng)洗清濾布;
②濾布損壞,達(dá)不到密封要求,更換濾布;
③入料濃度太低。適當(dāng)提高入料濃度至5009/1。
(2)不成餅的原因及處理方法。
①入料粒度太小,應(yīng)改進(jìn)上道工序;
②入料粒度太小,物料粘性大,過(guò)濾性能差,應(yīng)改變物料性質(zhì)(用添加如絮凝劑等方法改善其過(guò)濾條件);
③人料濃度太低,成餅時(shí)間長(zhǎng),提高入料濃度。
(3)濾布損壞太快的原因入料粒度太大,應(yīng)該進(jìn)上道工序。(4)濾液管出黑水的原因是濾布破漏或?yàn)V布?jí)喝Π惭b不嚴(yán)密。
(5)濾板傾斜,其原因是濾板底部積存污泥太多,應(yīng)清洗濾布。4結(jié)束語(yǔ)通過(guò)對(duì)壓濾機(jī)維護(hù)、保養(yǎng)及故障分析處理,大大提高壓濾機(jī)的使用效果,從而對(duì)洗煤廠的正常生產(chǎn),提高洗煤效率,創(chuàng)收良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益都起著重要作用。
壓濾機(jī)技術(shù)支持:188517-18517
]]>a power plantHow to reduce the water content of chamber filter press cakePhase I of the 2×630 MW unit project adopts limestone-gypsum wet full flue gas desulphurisation (FGD) with one furnace and one tower desulphurisation device, and the design desulphurisation efficiency is not less than 95 %. The desulphurisation wastewater treatment system adopts XAZ140/1250-U chamber filter press, and the specific technical parameters are as shown in Table 1.

The filter plate of chamber filter press is quadrangular, the filter cloth is in the concave filter plate on the projecting part, from 2 quadrangular filter plate to form a closed filter chamber. The main advantages of chamber filter press are low loss of feed, fast filtration speed, high temperature and pressure resistance, good sealing performance, uniform cake, low water content, basically applicable to all solid-liquid separation industries.
2 Working Principle of Chamber Filter Press When the chamber filter press is working, the hydraulic cylinder will press all the filter plates between the movable head plate and the fixed tail plate, so that the adjacent filter plates form a sealed filter chamber, and the slurry will be fed from the feeding holes of the fixed tail plate with a certain pressure. After all the chambers are filled with slurry, the filtration process begins, and the slurry is separated from the solids and liquids by the pressure of the feed pump. Solid particles remain in the filter chamber due to the blockage of the filter cloth, and the filtrate is discharged through the filter cloth along the drain on the filter plate. After a period of time, the filtrate no longer outflow, that is, the completion of the dewatering process. At this time, you can stop feeding, through the hydraulic manipulation system adjustment, the head plate back to the original position; by the filter plate moving device will be pulled open one after another; the filter cake rely on self-weight fall off, and is located in the lower part of the belt to transport away. In order to prevent the filter cloth eyelets from clogging, affecting the filtering effect, the filter cloth needs to be cleaned after unloading the cake. So far, the whole filtering process is completed.
3 Problems and Improvement of Vane Filter Presses
3.1 Problems in the actual application, affected by a variety of factors, the water content of the filter cake of the chamber filter press is relatively large, and the effect of filtration is not ideal. The large water content of the cake causes the cake to become sludge-like, attached to the filter cloth. Even if you use a shovel to poke, you can't drop the whole piece, and some of them even need to rinse the filter cloth before the next cycle, resulting in high labour intensity of the staff and long unloading time.
3.2 Problem analysis The lower the feed concentration, the higher the moisture of the filter cake. When the concentration of feed material is low, fine particles are very easy to enter the eyelets of the filter cloth, pass through, block or cover them, so that the eyelets of the filter cloth will be blocked soon. With the increase of feed concentration, there will be more particles close to or to the filter cloth eyelets, due to mutual interference, the vast majority of particles can not enter the eyelets and the formation of arches and bridges on the eyelets, which can make the filter holes in a longer period of time is not seriously blocked. With the filtration process, the average particle size of the filter cake formed on the surface of the filter cloth along the feeding direction from the outside to the inside gradually increases, and the cake resistance gradually decreases, so that the dewatering of the inner side of the cake (close to the side of the filter cloth) is affected, and this effect is gradually strengthened with the decrease in the concentration of the feeding material. After the study of the field conditions and a lot of tests, it was found that under the existing equipment, by adjusting the feed pressure, feed time, press [Abstract] A power plant chamber filter press in the application of the problem of large moisture content of the cake, the effect of filtration is not ideal. The problem was analysed, and it was confirmed that under the existing equipment and operating parameters, the filter press did not have the conditions to further reduce the water content of the cake. By increasing compressed air, the water content of the filter cake was reduced from 60 % to 10 %, which improved the sludge discharge efficiency. Parameters such as pressure and feed concentration can no longer effectively reduce the water content of the filter cake in the filter press, so it is necessary to propose an improvement programme.
3.3 Improvement programme In order to effectively reduce the water content of the filter cake in the chamber filter press, compressed air can be fed through the feed pipe after the feed of the filter press (unlike the diaphragm filter press). Compressed air automatic control device is added, and it can be switched directly through the DCS screen. The air and feed use the same inlet, when the feed is finished, close the feed valve and flush the feed pipe. After flushing, start conveying compressed air until no filtrate is discharged from the feed pipe to reach the state of equipment sludge discharge.
4 Conclusion
(1) Before using compressed air to reduce the water content of the filter cake, the filter cake in the filter press must be filled. If the cake is too thin, it will result in low water content of the cake at the inlet of compressed air, and the farther away it is, the higher the water content will be, and it will not even be able to play a role in reducing the water content.
(2) The time to pass into the compressed air needs to be determined according to the situation. Different materials, through the compressed air time is different. If the time is short, the water content of the cake is large; if the time is too long, it will cause the cake to dry out in contact with the filter cloth and attach to the filter cloth, increasing the workload.
(3) After adding compressed air, the material conveying pipeline needs to add a way of flushing water. Due to the influence of compressed air, the water content of the residual slurry in the feed pipe will also decrease, and further air-dry. After many times, the air-dried slurry will clog the pipe.
(4) After the transformation, after the actual operation verification, the effect of desliming has obvious improvement, the filter cake forming is more complete, the water content is as low as 10 %. the whole operation process can realise the continuous automatic cycle of mud, not only to improve the efficiency of the system mud, but also to reduce the frequency of manual on-site operation.
filter press(區(qū)別于帶式壓濾機(jī),通常帶式壓濾機(jī)不宜陶瓷工業(yè)采用)按所用壓濾板(簡(jiǎn)稱濾板)濾布的排列方式可大致區(qū)分為立式(濾板垂直疊壓后形成過(guò)濾室)廂式壓濾機(jī)和臥式(濾板水平疊壓后形成過(guò)濾室)廂式壓濾機(jī)兩種結(jié)構(gòu)形式。但因立式廂式壓濾機(jī)濾餅的剝離卸除操作比較困難等,因此,目前陶瓷工業(yè)等廠家廣泛應(yīng)用的廂式壓濾機(jī)幾乎都是臥式廂式壓濾機(jī)(通常也簡(jiǎn)稱為廂式壓濾機(jī),除非另有說(shuō)明)。同時(shí),廂式壓濾機(jī)按濾板壓緊力的產(chǎn)生方式的差異又可區(qū)分為液壓壓緊型(由液壓油推動(dòng)油缸柱塞產(chǎn)生壓緊濾板濾布的作用力)廂式壓濾機(jī)和機(jī)械作用壓緊型(如螺旋傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)等產(chǎn)生壓緊濾板濾布的作用力)廂式壓濾機(jī)。考慮到目前陶瓷泥漿的細(xì)度要求越來(lái)越細(xì),那么陶瓷泥漿所需的壓濾脫水阻力比較大,同時(shí)也要求固體顆粒懸浮物型工業(yè)廢水及污水絮凝沉淀物壓濾脫水濃縮后獲得的污泥含水率越來(lái)越低,一方面,可節(jié)約人類賴以生存的有限的水資源;另一方面,可大幅度地降低運(yùn)輸污泥至填埋場(chǎng)等運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用或降低污泥制作燒結(jié)磚的生產(chǎn)成本等。但因機(jī)械作用壓緊型廂式壓濾機(jī)的壓緊力通常較小,顯然經(jīng)機(jī)械作用壓緊型廂式壓濾機(jī)處理后所得濾餅(陶瓷泥餅)或污泥的含水量通常偏高。所以說(shuō),機(jī)械作用壓緊型廂式壓濾機(jī)已逐漸被液壓壓緊型廂式壓濾機(jī)所取代。事實(shí)上,實(shí)踐生產(chǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明:廂式壓濾機(jī)框架的受力及其變形(剛性)的大小在一定范圍內(nèi)嚴(yán)重影響廂式壓濾機(jī)的工作可靠性及其壓濾脫水效率的高低等。具體說(shuō)來(lái)就是:如果壓濾機(jī)框架的剛性越大,其變形就越小,那么所得的濾餅(陶瓷泥餅)或污泥的含水量就越低,水資源的節(jié)約率就越高,生產(chǎn)成本就越低;反之,若壓濾機(jī)框架的剛性越小,其變形就越大,那么所得的濾餅(陶瓷泥餅)或污泥的含水量就越高,水資源的節(jié)約率就越低,生產(chǎn)成本就越高,還易造成廂式壓濾脫水操作過(guò)程中漏漿(也稱“跑漿”),嚴(yán)重時(shí)甚至造成廂式壓濾機(jī)后橫梁(也稱尾板)的斷裂等安全生產(chǎn)事故。所以,積極研究和探討廂式壓濾機(jī)框架的受力分析及其變形的大小,推導(dǎo)出其強(qiáng)度和剛度的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算或校核公式,據(jù)此合理地設(shè)計(jì)廂式壓濾機(jī)框架的強(qiáng)度和剛度,能最大限度地提高廂式壓濾機(jī)的工作可靠性及壓濾脫水效率等。
壓濾機(jī)的構(gòu)造
液壓壓緊型廂式壓濾機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖如圖1所示。液壓壓緊型廂式壓濾機(jī)是集機(jī)、電、液于一體的自動(dòng)化程度較高的固液分離設(shè)備,它主要由主機(jī)部分、過(guò)濾部分、液壓部分和電氣控制部分等組成。
1-尾部支架2-后橫梁(尾板)3-濾板濾布4-支柱5-推壓板(頭板)6-行程開(kāi)關(guān)7-拉桿(導(dǎo)軌)8-前橫梁9-頭部支架10-鎖緊螺母11-液壓油缸柱塞壓緊裝置12-液壓站13-電氣控制箱14—電接點(diǎn)力。
主機(jī)部分
液壓壓緊型廂式壓濾機(jī)通常利用頭部支架和尾部支架支承整臺(tái)設(shè)備的質(zhì)量。尾部后橫梁(與濾板濾布接觸處安置有漏水收集溝槽,俗稱尾板、也稱止推板)和進(jìn)漿管相連接,頭部前橫梁內(nèi)安裝有液壓油缸柱塞壓緊裝置,頭部前橫梁與尾部后橫梁兩側(cè)由拉桿(工作時(shí),因?yàn)V板在拉桿上需縱向移動(dòng),所以拉桿也稱導(dǎo)桿)連接成一整體。考慮到廂式壓濾機(jī)工作時(shí),拉桿既承受壓緊裝置所產(chǎn)生的壓緊力(縱向),又承受濾板濾布及陶瓷泥漿或固體顆粒懸浮物型工業(yè)廢水等過(guò)濾物的質(zhì)量載荷(垂直方向),而且頭部前橫梁與尾部后橫梁通常相距較遠(yuǎn),因此,每側(cè)拉桿中間需設(shè)有一個(gè)或兩個(gè)支柱支承,以減少拉桿在垂直方向的彎曲變形等,確保液壓油缸柱塞帶動(dòng)推壓板(與濾板濾布接觸處安置有漏水收集溝槽,也稱頭板)產(chǎn)生預(yù)定的壓緊濾板濾布的前進(jìn)運(yùn)動(dòng)(俗稱緊榨)和退回卸餅(濾餅,陶瓷泥餅或污泥餅)運(yùn)動(dòng)(俗稱松榨),從而實(shí)現(xiàn)陶瓷泥漿或固體顆粒懸浮物型工業(yè)廢水等的壓濾脫水操作。由此可見(jiàn),主機(jī)部分是壓濾機(jī)的基礎(chǔ),用于支撐過(guò)濾機(jī)構(gòu)及連接其他部件,通常由前橫梁、液壓油缸柱塞壓緊裝置、推壓板、后橫梁(俗稱尾板、也稱止推板)和拉桿等組成。液壓壓緊型廂式壓濾機(jī)表工作時(shí),液壓油缸柱塞推動(dòng)推壓板,將位于推壓板和止推板之間的濾板濾布依次壓緊,確保具有一定工作壓力(過(guò)濾推動(dòng)力)的陶瓷泥漿或固體顆粒懸浮物型工業(yè)廢水或污水等在濾板濾布所形成的濾室內(nèi)完成加壓過(guò)濾脫水操作而獲得含水率為25%左右的濾餅、廢渣或污泥等。
過(guò)濾部分
過(guò)濾部分主要是由濾板和濾布(也稱過(guò)濾布)等組成。濾板是中間有圓孔(待過(guò)濾漿料的通道)兩端內(nèi)凹且具有許多相互連通的排水溝槽的圓形盤狀零件。其頂部制有濾布托架,便于安裝濾布。濾板兩側(cè)部制有支撐耳,可通過(guò)支撐耳垂直支承在兩側(cè)導(dǎo)桿上。
由于鑄鐵濾板的鑄造性能和機(jī)械切削加工性能良好,加工后表面噴塑處理后即可適用于陶瓷泥漿或固體顆粒懸浮物型工業(yè)廢水等壓濾脫水操作。但鑄鐵濾板的材料消耗大、質(zhì)量大,人工拉開(kāi)濾板卸餅(濾餅,陶瓷泥餅或污泥餅)時(shí)勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大;此外,為了確保濾布免遭鑄鐵濾板排水溝槽的劃傷等損害,鑄鐵濾板兩側(cè)表面的排水溝槽表面須安裝(覆蓋)多孔的鋁質(zhì)薄圓板(俗稱濾水板)。即便如此,壓濾脫水操作時(shí),濾布仍會(huì)擠入鋁質(zhì)濾水板的濾水孔中而損壞。總之,采用鑄鐵濾板壓濾脫水操作時(shí),濾布的破損率較高,壓濾脫水操作生產(chǎn)成本較高。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,鑄鐵濾板已逐漸被塑料濾板所取代,所以說(shuō),目前陶瓷工業(yè)或固體懸浮物型工業(yè)廢水等廣泛應(yīng)用的廂式壓濾機(jī)大多數(shù)是采用塑料濾板進(jìn)行壓濾脫水操作的。目前,塑料濾板的常用材質(zhì)主要是聚乙烯、聚丙烯、增強(qiáng)聚丙烯、填充聚四氟乙烯、尼龍、聚甲醛和超高分子量聚乙烯等。因超高分子量聚乙烯是一種新型高效節(jié)能材料,具有耐壓性能好、耐磨性能好、耐熱性能好、耐腐蝕、抗沖擊、質(zhì)量輕、防粘接性能好、易于壓注成形和機(jī)械切削加工性能良好等優(yōu)點(diǎn),并且使用壽命長(zhǎng)(通常為聚丙烯濾板的4~6倍,鑄鐵濾板的3~9倍)及價(jià)格適中。同時(shí),考慮到目前陶瓷泥漿的細(xì)度要求越來(lái)越細(xì),而生產(chǎn)企業(yè)要求所得污泥的含水率也越來(lái)越低,那么陶瓷泥漿或固體顆粒懸浮物型工業(yè)廢水及污水等所需的過(guò)濾脫水阻力大,要求塑料濾板應(yīng)具有較高的耐壓和耐磨性能等。由此可見(jiàn),超高分子量聚乙烯塑料濾板是目前陶瓷工業(yè)或固體懸浮物型工業(yè)廢水及污水等廂式壓濾機(jī)的最佳選擇。濾布屬于機(jī)織物,是由經(jīng)、緯兩系統(tǒng)紗線在織機(jī)上相互交織而成的織物。
濾布又是一種過(guò)濾介質(zhì),通常由合成纖維制成。合成纖維是化學(xué)纖維中的一類,它是利用煤、石油和天然氣等為原料,經(jīng)提煉和化學(xué)合成作用而制成,包括:腈綸、滌綸、錦綸、維綸、氯綸及尼龍等,它們不僅具有不易發(fā)霉、不易被蟲(chóng)蛀、質(zhì)地輕、耐磨、耐酸堿、表面光潔及過(guò)濾后形成的濾餅剝離性好等特點(diǎn),而且還具有抗拉、抗彎、抗磨等物理機(jī)械強(qiáng)度高及化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性、熱穩(wěn)定性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn),因此合成纖維濾布是目前過(guò)濾行業(yè)中應(yīng)用最為廣泛的。同時(shí),考慮到濾布的選用和使用對(duì)物料(漿料)的過(guò)濾效果具有決定性的作用,所以說(shuō),選用濾布時(shí)須根據(jù)過(guò)濾漿料的pH值、固含量的多少、固體微粒物的粒徑等因素選用適宜材質(zhì)和適宜孔徑的高強(qiáng)度優(yōu)質(zhì)濾布,這樣可確保獲得較低的過(guò)濾成本和較高的過(guò)濾效率。具體包括以下幾方面:
1)濾布應(yīng)經(jīng)久耐用。
2)濾布應(yīng)具有良好的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性和熱穩(wěn)定性。
3)濾布應(yīng)具有較高的物理機(jī)械強(qiáng)度。不管過(guò)濾漿料的多寡或密度的大小如何變化,濾布應(yīng)能從頭到尾保持恒定的過(guò)濾速度,為達(dá)到這一目標(biāo),濾布必須具有較高的耐壓強(qiáng)度及耐磨強(qiáng)度等。
4)濾布制作前應(yīng)先下水再晾干,待濾布縮水后再制作。制作時(shí),濾布的開(kāi)孔直徑應(yīng)與濾板孔徑相等并且同心,然后通過(guò)兩側(cè)的銅質(zhì)空心螺釘、銅質(zhì)空心螺母(軸心是進(jìn)漿通道)將濾布?jí)壕o在濾板兩側(cè)的表面上。同時(shí)還要求濾布應(yīng)能在給定的時(shí)期內(nèi)保持恒定的過(guò)濾速度,如果過(guò)濾一開(kāi)始,濾布的毛細(xì)孔就堵塞了,當(dāng)然就達(dá)不到過(guò)濾的目的,濾布應(yīng)該從始到終保持恒定的過(guò)濾速度。
5)要求濾布在形成濾餅之后,還能成為過(guò)濾介質(zhì)而起著過(guò)濾的作用,即形成濾餅的剝離性能良好。
6)濾布不應(yīng)在使用過(guò)程中發(fā)生收縮變化或膨脹變化等。一般說(shuō)來(lái),濾布毛細(xì)孔堵塞的原因主要是在于組成濾布的纖維本身在使用過(guò)程中發(fā)生收縮變化或膨脹變化等。7)移動(dòng)濾板剝離卸除濾餅時(shí),用力應(yīng)均勻適當(dāng),不得沖擊碰撞等,以免損壞濾扳密封面及濾扳手把等。通常濾布使用一段時(shí)間后會(huì)變硬或發(fā)生毛細(xì)孔的堵塞等現(xiàn)象,需采用適宜的洗滌方法,如:采用相應(yīng)低濃度的弱酸弱堿液進(jìn)行中和清洗,可以使其恢復(fù)到足以繼續(xù)使用的程度,否則須及時(shí)更換濾布。
液壓部分
液壓部分主要是指液壓站,它是驅(qū)動(dòng)液壓油缸柱塞壓緊裝置產(chǎn)生預(yù)定的運(yùn)動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)壓緊各濾板濾布的動(dòng)力裝置。主要由三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)、聯(lián)軸器、軸向柱塞泵(高壓油泵的一種)、三位四通電磁換向閥、溢流閥、液控單向閥、濾油器、油路塊(俗稱集成塊)、油箱、壓力表、壓力表開(kāi)關(guān)和油壓管路等組成。
電氣控制部分
電氣控制部分是整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的控制中心,在電磁換向閥、行程開(kāi)關(guān)及電接點(diǎn)壓力表的共同作用下,實(shí)現(xiàn)液壓油缸柱塞的“前進(jìn)”、“后退”和“停止”等動(dòng)作。同時(shí),由于液壓傳動(dòng)裝置不可避免地存在液壓密封件的磨損、液壓油的污染及液壓油的泄漏等缺陷,會(huì)造成濾板濾布?jí)壕o力的降低,一旦液壓缸內(nèi)油液壓力(嚴(yán)格地說(shuō),應(yīng)為壓強(qiáng))降低至某一預(yù)定值后,電接點(diǎn)壓力表立即發(fā)訊,迅速起動(dòng)油泵驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī),再次向液壓油缸工作腔供油(俗稱灌油),確保濾板濾布?jí)壕o力在一定范圍內(nèi)大致恒定不變。否則,就會(huì)“漏漿”,污染生產(chǎn)環(huán)境,不利于生產(chǎn)環(huán)保。此外,其還具有欠電壓、過(guò)電壓和過(guò)電流保護(hù)等功能。
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某公司是年產(chǎn) 25?萬(wàn)噸(2?套系統(tǒng))的鋅冶煉企業(yè),其采用“火法+濕法”的煉鋅工藝。濕法鋅冶煉系統(tǒng)中,壓濾機(jī)是實(shí)現(xiàn)固液分離的主要設(shè)備。河南豫光鋅業(yè)目前擁有箱式Plate and frame filter press約 90?臺(tái), 由于硫酸鋅極易結(jié)晶的特性,設(shè)備使用一段時(shí)間后,濾板表面會(huì)附著一層結(jié)晶,同時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)濾道堵塞,既影響Filter Press Plate過(guò)濾效果,又造成濾板承受壓力增大,導(dǎo)致濾板損壞率居高不下,嚴(yán)重制約生產(chǎn)。因此,必須采取一些措施來(lái)優(yōu)化濾板的操作、保養(yǎng)和清理方法,減少表面結(jié)晶,延長(zhǎng)濾板使用壽命,降低生產(chǎn)消耗,保證生產(chǎn)連續(xù)穩(wěn)定勢(shì)在必行。

某公司一套系統(tǒng)每年更換濾板 490?張,費(fèi)用 47.6?萬(wàn)元,結(jié)合多年的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,造成濾板消耗量居高不下的主要原因?yàn)椋?/p>
濾液中的硅酸鹽、鐵酸鹽與硫酸鋅結(jié)晶附著在濾板表面,形成附著力較強(qiáng)的膠狀物,因?yàn)V板表面特殊的晶粒結(jié)構(gòu),導(dǎo)致濾板清理困難、嚴(yán)重影響使用壽命;部分壓濾機(jī)進(jìn)口壓力表的損壞,無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確觀測(cè)壓濾機(jī)進(jìn)料時(shí)的工作壓力,且單塊濾板結(jié)晶狀況不同,導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中承壓不等,存在進(jìn)料壓力大于濾板的承受壓力的情況,從而影響濾板使用壽命;實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中,壓濾機(jī)濾板沒(méi)有按周期進(jìn)行定期清理,或清理不徹底。濾道和濾板表面結(jié)晶有殘留,造成濾板破損;實(shí)際生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中,由于壓濾機(jī)存在跑渾現(xiàn)象,濾板兩側(cè)出現(xiàn)壓力不等,從而造成濾板損壞。
凈液車間各工序因工藝操作的差異性,一段凈化槽工藝控制溫度:55-65℃,最佳溫度保持在 60℃。二段凈化槽工藝控制溫度在 85-92℃,最佳溫度保持在 90℃,溫度較高。同時(shí),為降低濾板結(jié)晶,二段壓濾在壓濾機(jī)卸完渣后,通過(guò)壓濾機(jī)輸送廢液來(lái)清洗濾板表面附著的膠狀物,效果較明顯,濾板使用壽命延長(zhǎng)。結(jié)合凈液工段實(shí)際生產(chǎn)情況及“就近方便”的原則:用一段凈化 1#-7#共七臺(tái)壓濾機(jī)濾板與二段凈化 8-10#三臺(tái)對(duì)調(diào)(其中11#-13#壓濾機(jī)與原壓濾機(jī)濾板尺寸不符)。根據(jù)生產(chǎn)和多次效果驗(yàn)證,探索總結(jié)出濾板倒換表(見(jiàn)表 1)
表 1 凈液濾板周期倒換表
| 第 1周 | 第2周 | 第 3周 | 第4周 | 第5周 | 第6周 | 第 7周 | |
| 對(duì)調(diào)序號(hào) | 1#與
8#對(duì)調(diào) |
2#與
9#對(duì)調(diào) |
3#與
10#對(duì)調(diào) |
4#與
8#對(duì)調(diào) |
5#與
9#對(duì)調(diào) |
6#與
10#對(duì)調(diào) |
7#與
8#對(duì)調(diào) |
| 對(duì)調(diào)周期 | 二段壓濾機(jī) 3 周一輪 | ||||||
| 一段壓濾機(jī) 7 周一輪 | |||||||
經(jīng)實(shí)際驗(yàn)證結(jié)晶率降低 30%,濾板使用壽命提高 15%。目前此方法已推廣至氧化鋅浸出工序,通過(guò)對(duì)高酸壓濾機(jī)與低酸壓濾機(jī)、高酸還原壓濾機(jī)與低酸還原壓濾機(jī)濾板進(jìn)行互換對(duì)調(diào),效果明顯。
工段加強(qiáng)壓濾機(jī)培訓(xùn)工作,針對(duì)壓濾機(jī)使用過(guò)程中的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行專項(xiàng)培訓(xùn),嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行公司“三級(jí)巡檢”制度,及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)壓濾機(jī)在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題,利用班前班后會(huì)組織相關(guān)人員對(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行溝通和解決。如職工通過(guò)觀察進(jìn)料管道壓力表,保證進(jìn)料壓力小于濾板承受壓力(規(guī)定壓濾機(jī)進(jìn)料壓力:0.4-0.5Mpa, 達(dá)到該壓力停止進(jìn)料,關(guān)閉進(jìn)液閥門),發(fā)現(xiàn)濾液跑渾及時(shí)進(jìn)行記錄,并在下次操作前更換濾布。通過(guò)培訓(xùn)帶動(dòng)管理和操作提升, 提高設(shè)備操作水平。
以往在對(duì)更換下的濾板在進(jìn)行結(jié)晶清理時(shí),濾板僅在酸液中浸泡一段時(shí)間,然后人工清理,堅(jiān)硬結(jié)晶仍無(wú)法得到有效清理, 效果不佳。為解決結(jié)晶問(wèn)題,使用高壓水槍清板,利用高壓水沖刷濾板表面結(jié)晶及濾道內(nèi)雜物,效果較好。
改變新板、舊板混合使用的“常規(guī)更換”做法,推行濾板整臺(tái)更換的方法,杜絕新舊濾板混裝導(dǎo)致新濾板損壞。同時(shí)對(duì)更換下未損壞且外形完好的舊濾板進(jìn)行清理、保養(yǎng),與其它舊濾板一齊再次使用,充分延長(zhǎng)其使用壽命。此方法不僅解決了新舊濾板混合使用造成設(shè)備整體精度降低,濾板損耗加快的問(wèn)題,而且提高了設(shè)備的穩(wěn)定性,促使公司產(chǎn)能不斷提升。
積極響應(yīng)公司“拉升產(chǎn)業(yè)標(biāo)桿”的要求, 積極組織公司內(nèi)部人員對(duì)使用、維護(hù)、保養(yǎng)、維修中好的做法和經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行總結(jié),分類進(jìn)行歸納和提高,并以此為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。目前逐步形成從分廠、工段、班組人人有標(biāo)準(zhǔn),時(shí)時(shí)對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),勇于超標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的好習(xí)慣。
filter press濾板使用方法的優(yōu)化,有效的解決了濾板易結(jié)晶、不易清理、濾板損耗量大、壽命周期短的問(wèn)題。避免了因?yàn)V板使用周期短、損耗率高而對(duì)生產(chǎn)造成制約。解決了鋅冶煉工藝硫酸鋅溶液因極易結(jié)晶而導(dǎo)致濾板消耗大的行業(yè)頑疾,為同行業(yè)管理提升和降耗具有很好的參考價(jià)值。

The sealing surface of polymer filter plate is elastic contact with good sealing performance and high strength.
Applications:
It is widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, printing and dyeing, ceramics, food, medicine, mining, coal washing and other industries.
Quality Assurance:
The goal is to ensure the quality of the product, using the system, all-round testing.
Reasonably priced:
With excellent products, reasonable price, to achieve the product increasebe on dutyObjective.
Honest co-operation:
Over the decades, we have earned a reputation for integrity and won the market.
Sales:181-181-000-11
Selection:188-517-18-517
Mailbox:suton@su-ton.com
]]>高壓隔膜濾板采用TPE優(yōu)質(zhì)材料,韌性好,使用壽命長(zhǎng)。
Applications:
It is widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, printing and dyeing, ceramics, food, medicine, mining, coal washing and other industries.
Quality Assurance:
The goal is to ensure the quality of the product, using the system, all-round testing.
Reasonably priced:
With excellent products, reasonable price, to achieve the product increasebe on dutyObjective.
Honest co-operation:
Over the decades, we have earned a reputation for integrity and won the market.
Sales:181-181-000-11
Selection:188-517-18-517
Mailbox:suton@su-ton.com
]]>Polypropylene reinforced filter plates are modified with TPE elastomeric material for sealing and corrosion resistance.
Applications:
It is widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, printing and dyeing, ceramics, food, medicine, mining, coal washing and other industries.
Quality Assurance:
The goal is to ensure the quality of the product, using the system, all-round testing.
Reasonably priced:
With excellent products, reasonable price, to achieve the product increasebe on dutyObjective.
Honest co-operation:
Over the decades, we have earned a reputation for integrity and won the market.
Sales:181-181-000-11
Selection:188-517-18-517
Mailbox:suton@su-ton.com
]]>高壓隔膜濾板采用TPE優(yōu)質(zhì)材料,韌性好,使用壽命長(zhǎng)。
Applications:
It is widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, printing and dyeing, ceramics, food, medicine, mining, coal washing and other industries.
Quality Assurance:
The goal is to ensure the quality of the product, using the system, all-round testing.
Reasonably priced:
With excellent products, reasonable price, to achieve the product increasebe on dutyObjective.
Honest co-operation:
Over the decades, we have earned a reputation for integrity and won the market.
Sales:181-181-000-11
Selection:188-517-18-517
Mailbox:suton@su-ton.com
]]>